英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

catch (v.): c. 1200, "to take, capture," from Anglo-French or Old North French cachier "catch, capture" (animals) (Old French chacier "hunt, pursue, drive (animals)," Modern French chasser "to hunt;" making it a doublet of chase (v.)), from Vulgar Latin *captiare "try to seize, chase" (also source of Spanish cazar, Italian cacciare), from Latin captare "to take, hold," frequentative of Latin capere "to take, hold" (see capable).

Senses in early Middle English also included "chase, hunt," which later went with chase (v.). Of infections from 1540s; of fire from 1734; of sleep, etc., from early 14c. Related: Catched (obsolete); catching; caught.

Meaning "act as a catcher in baseball" recorded from 1865. To catch on "apprehend" is 1884, American English colloquial. To catch (someone's) eye is first attested 1813, in Jane Austen. Catch as catch can first attested late 14c.
frog (n.1): Old English frogga "frog," a diminutive of frosc, forsc, frox "frog," a common Germanic word but with different formations that are difficult to explain (cognates: Old Norse froskr, Middle Dutch vorsc, German Frosch "frog"), probably literally "hopper," from PIE root *preu- "to hop" (cognates: Sanskrit provate "hops," Russian prygat "to hop, jump"). Watkins calls the Old English -gga an "obscure expressive suffix."

The Latin word for it (rana) is imitative of croaking. Also in Middle English as frok, vrogge, frugge, and with sometimes plural form froggen. Collateral Middle English forms frude, froud are from Old Norse frauðr "frog," and native alternative form frosk "frog" survived in English dialects into the 19c.
I always eat fricasseed frogs regretfully; they remind one so much of miniature human thighs, and make one feel cannibalistic and horrid .... [H. Ellen Brown, "A Girl's Wanderings in Hungary," 1896]
As a British derogatory term for "Frenchman," 1778 (short for frog-eater), but before that (1650s) it meant "Dutch" (from frog-land "marshy land," in reference to their country). To have a frog in the throat "be hoarse" is from 1892, from frog as a name for a lump or swelling in the mouth (1650s) or throat infections causing a croaking sound.
ampicillin: "A semi-synthetic form of penicillin used to treat infections of the urinary and respiratory tracts", 1960s: blend of amino and a contraction of penicillin.
Actinomyces: "A genus of Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic bacteria with rod-shaped and branching filamentous forms, which form part of the normal mucosal flora in mammals but may cause opportunistic infections. Also (in form actinomyces): a bacterium of this genus (also called ray fungus)", Late 19th cent. From scientific Latin Actinomyces, genus name from classical Latin actīno- + scientific Latin myces.
Moraxella: "A genus of Gram-negative bacteria (family Neisseriaceae) inhabiting the mucous membranes of mammals and causing infections of the middle ear, respiratory tract, and conjunctiva; specifically a subgenus of this genus comprising rod-shaped bacteria occurring in pairs or chains; (also moraxella) a bacterium of this genus", 1940s. From scientific Latin Moraxella from the name of Victor Morax, Swiss ophthalmologist, who discovered the bacteria + classical Latin -ella).